A common piping component is a u-bend or return bend. Assume we have a u-bend redirecting a flow of water, and we need to determine the force required to hold it in place. The water enters flowing to the right at 10 m s1 . The u-bend completely reverses the direction of the flow, so the water leaves flowing to the left. The area of the u-bend is constant, a circular cross-section of 12 cm diameter. The pressure in the fluid is measured at 50 kPa. The length of the u-bend is 46 cm. Find the force, including magnitude and direction, to hold the u-bend in place.