A ductile AISI 1030 hot-rolled steel bar is stressed. Using the distortion-energy and maximum-shear-stress theories determine the factors of safety for the following plane stress states: a) σx = 20 ksi, σy = 15 ksi
b) σx = 15 ksi, σy = −20 ksi
c) σx = 20 ksi, τxy = −15 ksi
d) σx = −10 ksi, σy = 15 ksi, τxy = −10 ksi
e) σx= −24 ksi, σy = −20 ksi, τxy = −15 ks