Describe a mechanism by which counting semaphores could be implemented using the minimal number of binary semaphores and ordinary machine instructions. Include C code snippets if you feel this will make your answer clearer and/or more concise

Water at the rate of 1 kg/s is forced through a tube with a 2.5 cm inner diameter. the inlet water temperature is 15°c, and the outlet water temperature is 50°c. the tube wall temperature is 14°c higher than the local water temperature all along the length of the tube. what is the length of the tube?

Asolid cylinder is concentric with a straight pipe. the cylinder is 0.5 m long and has an outside diameter of 8 cm. the pipe has an inside diameter of 8.5 cm. the annulus between the cylinder ad the pipe contains stationary oil. the oil has a specific gravity of 0.92 and a kinematic viscosity of 5.57 x 10-4 m2/s. most nearly, what is the force needed to move the cylinder along the pipe at a constant velocity of 1 m/s?

Describe one experiment in which the glass transition temperature and melting temperature of a totally amorphous thermoplastic material can be determined. show the relevant experimental results in a diagram which should be properly annotated with the two temperatures clearly marked. what is likely to happen to the curve in the diagram if the amorphous polymer is replaced by a thermosetting type?