The A-36 steel axle is made from tubes AB and CD and a solid section BC. It is supported on smooth bearings that allow it to rotate freely. The tubes have an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm. The solid section has a diameter of 40 mm.

If the gears, fixed to its ends, are subjected to 85?N?m torques, determine the angle of twist of gear A relative to gear D.

Apiping systems consists of 6 m of 6-std type k and 12 m of 4-std type k, both drawn copper tubing. the system conveys ethylene glycol at a rate of 0.013 m3/s. the pressure drop across the system is to be calculated. there are two 90° elbows in the 6-in pipe, a reduction from the 6-in pipe to the 4-in pipe and four 90° elbows in the 4-in pipe. all fittings are soldered (same as flanged) and regular. the inlet and outlet of the system are at the same height.