8–30. the rib-joint pliers are used to grip the smooth pipe c. if the force of 100 n is applied to the handles, determine the state of stress at points a and b on the cross section of the jaw at section a–a. indicate the results on an element at each point.

Air is to be cooled in the evaporator section of a refrigerator by passing it over a bank of 0.8-cm-outer-diameter and 0.4-m-long tubes inside which the refrigerant is evaporating at -20°c. air approaches the tube bank in the normal direction at 0°c and 1 atm with a mean velocity of 4 m/s. the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of sl- st 1.5 cm. there are 30 rows in the flow direction with 15 tubes in each row. determine (a) the refrigeration capacity of this system and (b) pressure drop across the tube bank. evaluate the air properties at an assumed mean temperature of -5°c and 1 atm. is this a good assumption?

The thermal expansion or contraction of a given metal is a function of the f a)-density b)-initial temperature c)- temperature difference d)- linear coefficient of thermal expansion e)- final temperature f)- original length

Manometers are good examples of measuring instruments, nowadays they are not as common as before. a)-capacitive probe gauges b)-gravitational gauges deformation ) gauges d)-digital gauges