(a) why are finishing operations necessary in manufacturing processes?
(b) explain how these factors:

(i) vibration,
(ii) excessive temperature,
(iii) load on grinding wheels,
(iv) wheel speed and workpiece feed rate can contribute to poor surface finish during abrasive machining.
(c) explain 3 consequences of allowing the temperature to rise during grinding?

True or false (explain) (110)[111] is a slip system in bcc metals . the {111} family in fcc contains 8 planes. resolved shear stress (rss) in single crystals is just related to the applied stress. critical resolved shear stress (crss) in single crystal metals is direct proportional to the number of defects in the structure

Awall of 0.5m thickness is to be constructed from a material which has average thermal conductivity of 1.4 w/mk. the wall is to be insulated with a material having an average thermal conductivity of 0.35 w/mk so that heat loss per square meter shall not exceed 1450 w. assume inner wall surface temperature of 1200°c and outer surface temperature of the insulation to be 15°c. calculate the thickness of insulation required.

Heat transfer by is the fastest mode of heat transfer that requires no intervening medium. a)-conduction b)-convection c)-radiation d)-conduction and convection