How efficient would pcr be if we set the annealing temperature higher or lower than the calculated melting temperature? how would a higher or lower temperature affect the annealing capability of the primers and the final quantity or quality of the products? how would a gel of such pcr products look compared to pcr products obtained at the optimum annealing temperature?

If the thermal strain developed in polyimide film during deposition is given as 0.0044. assume room temperature is kept at 17.3 c, and thermal coefficient of expansion for the film and the substrate are 54 x 10^-6c^-1 and 3.3 x 10^-6c^-1respectively. calculate the deposition temperature.

Aquick transition of the operating speed of a shaft from its critical speed will whirl amplitude. (a) increase (b) limit (c) not affect (d) zero

Athin walled concentric tube exchanger is used to cool engine oil from 160°c to 60°c with water that is available at 25°c acting as a coolant. the oil and water flow rates are each at 2 kg/s, and the diameter of the inner tube is 0.5 m and the corresponding value of the overall heat transfer coefficient is 250 w/m2. oc. how long must the heat exchanger be to accomplish the desired cooling? cpwater=4.187 kj/kg-candcpengine el=2.035 kj/kg·°c, oil . 120]