1. a thin plate of a ceramic material with e = 225 gpa is loaded in tension, developing a stress of 450 mpa. is the specimen likely to fail if the most severe flaw present is an internal crack oriented perpendicular to the load axis that has a total length 0.25 mm and a crack tip radius of curvature equal to 1 µm?

Amixture of slurry and mud is to be pumped through a horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm. the fluid behaves as a bingham plastic with a yield stress of 30 pa and viscosity 0.04 pa.s. describe the effects of the shear stress through a transverse section of the pipe by plotting the variation in shear stress and velocity profile: (i) just before the slurry starts to move (ii) as the slurry flows when the pressure gradient is double that in part (i)