Air enters a 27-m long 5-cm diameter adiabatic duct at a velocity of 85 m/s, static temperature of 450 k and a static pressure of 220 kpa. the average friction factor (4) for the duct is estimated to be 0.023. determine: (i)- mach number at the exit. (ii)the mass flow rate of air.(iii) what is the length that needs to be added (or subtracted) for the flow to reach sonic conditions at the exit?

If the thermal strain developed in polyimide film during deposition is given as 0.0044. assume room temperature is kept at 17.3 c, and thermal coefficient of expansion for the film and the substrate are 54 x 10^-6c^-1 and 3.3 x 10^-6c^-1respectively. calculate the deposition temperature.

Afull journal bearing has a journal diameter of 27 mm, with a unilateral tolerance of -0.028 mm. the bushing bore has a diameter of 27.028 mm and a unilateral tolerance of 0.04 mm. the l/d ratio is 0.5. the load is 1.3 kn and the journal runs at 1200 rev/min. if the average viscosity is 50 mpa-s, find the minimum film thickness, the power loss, and the side flow for the minimum clearance assembly.

Different types of steels contain different elements that alter the characteristics of the steel. for each of the following elements, explain what the element does when alloyed with steel.