Alice encrypts a message using the Counter (CTR) mode, and sends it to Bob. Mallory has intercepted the ciphertext. Although she does not know the entire message, she does know that the 17th byte of the plaintext is 1; she wants to change the value to something else (the rest of the messages should not be changed). Mallory does not know the encryption key, so she can only modify the ciphertext. (1) How can she do that

Program description: a c# app is to be created to produce morse code. the morse code assigns a series of dots and dashes to each letter of the alphabet, each digit, and a few special characters (such as period, comma, colon, and semicolon). in sound-oriented systems, the dot represents a short sound and the dash represents a long sound. separation between words is indicated by a space, or, quite simply, the absence of a dot or dash. in a sound-oriented system, a space is indicated by a short period of time during which no sound is transmitted. the international version of the morse code is stored in the data file morse.txt.

Program using c++ only on visual studio pig is a simple two player dice game, played with one die. the first player to reach or surpass 50 is the winner. each player takes a turn rolling the dice. they add to the pot with each roll, having to decide to roll again and increase the pot, or cash out. the risk being they could lose the amount they’ve accumulated into the pot. the rules for each player’s die roll. 1. roll the dice. a. if user rolled a 1, i. the pot gets set to zero ii. the other player goes to step 1. b. a roll of 2-6 is added to the pot. 2. user can choose to hold or roll again. a. choice roll. return to step 1. b. choice hold. i. increment player score by the pot amount. ii. pot gets set to 0. iii. second player gets to roll and goes to step 1. program requirements: ● before each opponent begins ○ output the score for the person and the computer. ○ output the opponents whose turn is beginning and ask the user to hit enter to continue. ● with each dice roll. ○ output the die value, and amount of the round pot. ○ if it’s the users roll ask if they want to roll again ( r ) or hold ( h ). your program should allow r, r, h or h as valid input. if input is anything else, ask the user again until valid input is obtained. ○ the ai will continue playing until the round pot is 20 or more. ● once a player’s score is greater or equal to 50 then they have won, it will no longer ask if they want to keep rolling the die or not. ● once there is a winner ○ score totals are output along with who the winner was. user or computer ○ player is asked if they want to play again y or n. valid input should be y, y, or n, n. ● when a new game starts the starting roll goes to the player that did not roll last. if the user rolled last in the previous game, then the computer rolls first and vice versa. when the program first begins, the player will make the first roll of the first game. development notes : ● you will need a way to roll dice in your program. the rand() function works well, but returns an integer. if we want numbers 0 – 9 we can get the value modulus 10. ● call srand() with a value to seed it. it’s common to seed it with the current computer clock, include ctime, and then call srand(time(

What is the name of the option in most presentation applications with which you can modify slide elements? 1. the option enables you to modify a slide element in most presentation applications.