Implement a Mutex using the atomic swap(variable, register) instruction in x86. Your mutex can use busy-spin. Note that you cannot access a register directly other than using this swap instruction.

What elements related to the release and success of the nes console do you see in modern console releases? what elements are no longer relevant to modern console gaming?

Suppose we have a byte addressable computer that has a 32-byte cache with 8 bytes per block. the memory address is 8 bits long. the system accesses memory addresses (in hex) in this exact order: 6e, b9, 17, e0, 4e, 4f, 50, 91, a8, ab, ad, 93, and 94. (a) assuming the cache is direct mapped, what memory addresses will be in cache block 2 after the last address has been accessed? (b) assuming the cache is direct mapped, what is the hit ratio for the entire memory reference sequence given, assuming the cache is initially empty? (c) assuming the cache is 2-way set associative with a lru replacement policy, what is the hit ratio?

List a few alternative options and input and output over the standerd keyboard and monitor. explain their functioning in details.