Suppose you could use the 26 lower-case letters in a password and the length of the password is set to 8 characters. Answer the following questions. Hint: On average, it needs to test half of all possible passwords to crack one. a. What is the number of passwords that could be constructed from such a character set? b. Assume a brute-force attack and the attacker knows the length of the password. How long, on average, would it take the attacker to guess such a password if the attacker could test a password every millisecond? Report in second. c. Now assume a dictionary attack. The attacker knows the length of the password and the dictionary contains 100,000 words that have the same length as the password (i. e., 8 characters). How long, on average, would it take the attacker to guess such a password if the attacker could test a password every millisecond? Report in second. d. Let’s assume the use of salting. If a password is salted with a 24-bit random number, how big is the dictionary attack search space when using the dictionary in question c?

File account.java (see previous exercise) contains a definition for a simple bank account class with methods to withdraw, deposit, get the balance and account number, and return a string representation. note that the constructor for this class creates a random account number. save this class to your directory and study it to see how it works. then write the following additional code: 1. suppose the bank wants to keep track of how many accounts exist. a. declare a private static integer variable numaccounts to hold this value. like all instance and static variables, it will be initialized (to 0, since it’s an int) automatically. b. add code to the constructor to increment this variable every time an account is created. c. add a static method getnumaccounts that returns the total number of accounts. think about why this method should be static - its information is not related to any particular account. d. file testaccounts1.java contains a simple program that creates the specified number of bank accounts then uses the getnumaccounts method to find how many accounts were created. save it to your directory, then use it to test your modified account class.