What is an Algorithm? (might not be in the chapter text). Give an example.

The answer to this question is given below in the explanation section.

Explanation:

An algorithm is the list of a finite set of instructions and rules that a computer needs to do to complete a task in order to solve a problem.

In short, an algorithm is a series of instructions that are implemented step by step to solve a problem. For example, you could consider a pizza recipe an algorithm for making a pizza in an everyday life routine. But when you are talking about using algorithms in computation and in mathematics. It means that solving a problem using a series of steps step by step.

For example, your everyday tasks aligned on a google calendar and remind you about your tasks using the alarm, etc- how to implement this using set of instructions and rules- is an algorithm.

Solving a quadratic equation is another example of an algorithm.

Binary search, array sorting are an example of an algorithm in computation. Because these algorithms based on the execution of step-by-step instruction to solve a problem such as sorting a list of numbers etc.  

ipr and related laws.