VPN Tunneling uses to transmit data from a lower data link layer within a higher level network layer protocol

Encapsulation process

Explanation:

The answer to this question is the encapsulation process.

The Encapsulation can be explained as a process whereby a lower-layer protocol gets data from a higher-layer protocol and then it would put the data into the data portion of its frame. Data to be transmitted to a new location has to pass through each layer. As it gets to the layer then information is added to data.

Encapsulation at different levels puts different functionalities and also features such as security and reliability to data transmission.