is the use of IT in communication. a) email b) Chatting c) FTP d) All of the above

Your program will make use of long long int variables for all calculations. note: the use of long long int requires that you have c++11 support. you should have this automatically if you are using a newer version of visual studio. the support is there for gcc as well, but you may need the -std=c++11 or -std=c++0x compiler flag. you first need to read in the total number of seconds. there is no prompt for the read (that is, you just do the cin without using a cout to display a prompt). this is going to seem a little strange when you are running your program in your ide

3. bob is arguing that if you use output feedback (ofb) mode twice in a row to encrypt a long message, m, using the same key each time, it will be more secure. explain why bob is wrong, no matter what encryption algorithm he is using for block encryption (15 points).

The instruction ishl (shift left integer) exists in jvm but not in ijvm. it uses the top two values on the stack, replacing the two with a single value, the result. the sec- ond-from-top word of the stack is the operand to be shifted. its content is shifted left by a value between 0 and 31, inclusive, depending on the value of the 5 least signifi- cant bits of the top word on the stack (the other 27 bits of the top word are ignored). zeros are shifted in from the right for as many bits as the shift count. the opcode for ishl is 120 (0x78).a. what is the arithmetic operation equivalent to shifting left with a count of 2? b. extend the microcode to include this instruction as a part of ijv.