(15 pts) Under heavy load conditions, the ’carrier sense’ mechanism built into the Ethernet protocol may likely cause many of the stations to collide with one another in their transmission attempts. This is because every station, for most of the times, has a packet ready to send — and hence jumps at the first opportunity to transmit, i. e., upon sensing the change in channel state from busy to idle1 . To reduce this surge of collisions, a simple extension to the ’carrier sense’ mechanism is to have each of the ready stations wait for a random interval of time after sensing the channel release and before attempting to transmit its packet. Suppose the wait time w of a ready station before its transmission attempt is uniformly distributed over the range (0, T ], i. e., the probability function is:

Step 1: choose your topics review the project milestone reflections you submitted for modules 1 through 4. choose the one major idea or concept from each module that you feel most applies to your life. in addition, choose an important concept from module 5 that applies to your life. step 2: write your guidebook for each module: write a catchy headline that clearly and concisely sums up your chosen idea or concept write a brief explanation that includes a description of the concept, why it is important, and how it can be applied to your life to make a positive impact choose an exciting, powerful, or engaging image that illustrates your concept remember, you are writing one for each module, so you will have a total of five headlines, five descriptions, and five images. step 3: design your guidebook choose a format to present your digital guidebook. there are many 21st century tools available for creating and submitting your work in the online environment. for more information on tools your school uses, contact your instructor or visit the web 2.0 tools area.

1. you have a small business that is divided into 3 departments: accounting, sales, and administration. these departments have the following number of devices (computers, printers, etc.): accounting-31, sales-28, and administration-13. using a class c private network, subnet the network so that each department will have their own subnet. you must show/explain how you arrived at your conclusion and also show the following: all available device addresses for each department, the broadcast address for each department, and the network address for each department. also, determine how many "wasted" (not usable) addresses resulted from your subnetting (enumerate them).

What are some settings you can control when formatting columns?