Tamara is behind on her work as an analyst and decides she needs to do some work at home tonight. she copies the files she has been working on (which contain phi) to a flash drive and drops the flash drive in her purse for later use. when tamara gets home, the flash drive is missing. is this a security breach?
a. no, tamara does not know who has the flash drive or whether the phi was accessed, so it is not a security breach.
b. yes, it is a security breach. the data on the flash drive was not encrypted or otherwise protected and there is no way to undo the potential damage because the flash drive is lost.
c. no, tamara's loss of the flash drive was accidental.
d. no, anyone who picked up the flash drive would not know what it is or how to use it.

When making changes to optimize part of a processor, it is often the case that speeding up one type of instruction comes at the cost of slowing down something else. for example, if we put in a complicated fast floating-point unit, that takes space, and something might have to be moved farther away from the middle to accommodate it, adding an extra cycle in delay to reach that unit. the basic amdahl's law equation does not take into account this trade-off. a. if the new fast floating-point unit speeds up floating-point operations by, on average, 2ă—, and floating-point operations take 20% of the original program's execution time, what is the overall speedup (ignoring the penalty to any other instructions)? b. now assume that speeding up the floating-point unit slowed down data cache accesses, resulting in a 1.5ă— slowdown (or 2/3 speedup). data cache accesses consume 10% of the execution time. what is the overall speedup now? c. after implementing the new floating-point operations, what percentage of execution time is spent on floating-point operations? what percentage is spent on data cache accesses?