An organization has hired contractors to assist in the development of a new product scheduled to launch by the end of the year due to budgetary and security concerns, the contractors are only able to work and access organizational resources between the times of 8: 00 am and 6: 00 pm. the contractors possess the same authorization and access as the organization's internal developers, which of the following authorization methods should implement to ensure the organization meets the budgetary and security concerns?
a) separation of duties
b) rule based access control
c) mac
d) dac
e) least privilege

When making changes to optimize part of a processor, it is often the case that speeding up one type of instruction comes at the cost of slowing down something else. for example, if we put in a complicated fast floating-point unit, that takes space, and something might have to be moved farther away from the middle to accommodate it, adding an extra cycle in delay to reach that unit. the basic amdahl's law equation does not take into account this trade-off. a. if the new fast floating-point unit speeds up floating-point operations by, on average, 2ă—, and floating-point operations take 20% of the original program's execution time, what is the overall speedup (ignoring the penalty to any other instructions)? b. now assume that speeding up the floating-point unit slowed down data cache accesses, resulting in a 1.5ă— slowdown (or 2/3 speedup). data cache accesses consume 10% of the execution time. what is the overall speedup now? c. after implementing the new floating-point operations, what percentage of execution time is spent on floating-point operations? what percentage is spent on data cache accesses?