What is temperature? a. a direct measure of external kinetic energy b. the same thing as heat energy c. an indirect measure of heat energy d. the amount of calories in a substance e. a direct measure of internal kinetic energy

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E.

Explanation:

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Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. When the water is warmed, the particles of water move faster. The increases in movement of each particle increases the kinetic energy of each particle. The increase in the kinetic energy of each particle increases the average kinetic energy of the particles, which is observed as an increase in the temperature.

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"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."