The ozone layer is important because it protects life from damaging ultraviolet radiation. how did early life create the ozone layer? a) water molecules on the earth were broken to release ozone. b) volcanoes released the carbon dioxide needed to make ozone. c) early bacteria and plants released the oxygen needed to make ozone. d) early bacteria and plants released the carbon dioxide needed to make ozone.

Effect of rotenone and antimycin a on electron transfer rotenone, a toxic natural product from plants, strongly inhibits nadh dehydrogenase of insect and fish mitochondria. antimycin a, a toxic antibiotic, strongly inhibits the oxidation of ubiquinol. (a) explain why rotenone ingestion is lethal to some insect and fish species. (b) explain why antimycin a is a poison. (c) given that rotenone and antimycin a are equally effective in blocking their respective sites in the electron-transfer chain, which would be a more potent poison? explain.

Abeaker with 2.00×102 ml of an acetic acid buffer with a ph of 5.000 is sitting on a benchtop. the total molarity of acid and conjugate base in this buffer is 0.100 m. a student adds 4.70 ml of a 0.360 m hcl solution to the beaker. how much will the ph change? the pka of acetic acid is 4.740.

The kw for water at 0 °c is 0.12× 10–14 m2. calculate the ph of a neutral aqueous solution at 0 °c.