Chemistry, 16.09.2019 01:30 corbinfisher

What would have to happen to be done to a plant oil to transform it into a trans-fat

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The oil has to be subjected to a process called partial hydrogenation where hydrogen atoms are added to unsaturated fats such as oils. The process involves the use of heat in presence of hydrogen and certain metal catalysts which results in fats that are liquid at room temperature becoming solid. The change in physical state occurs because some unsaturated bonds become saturated i.e. fully hydrogenated and others are converted from cis arrangement to trans position creating straight solid molecules that pack together more solidly.

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nacl or sodium chloride is an ionic compound. this is because an ionic compound pertains to a compound that consists of positively and negatively charged ions. in this case, na (sodium) has a tendency to lose one electron when it reacts with with other atoms, so the resulting sodium ion contains 11 protons and 10 electrons, thus making it positively charged (na+), when chlorine reacts, it usually gains one electron to form an ion called chloride, thus making it negatively charged ( since the ions are oppositely charged, they attract.

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hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.

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