Which statement describes how an atom in the ground state becomes excited?
(1) the atom absorbs energy, and one or more electrons move to a higher electron shell.
(2) the atom absorbs energy, and one or more electrons move to a lower electron shell.
(3) the atom releases energy, and one or more electrons move to a higher electron shell.
(4) the atom releases energy, and one or more electrons move to a lower electron shell.