Calculate the fraction of empty space in cubic closest packing to five significant figures.

0.259 52 . The fraction of empty space in a ccp cell is 0.259 52

Cubic closest packing is another name for face centred cubic.

Refer to the attached diagram of an fcc unit cell from hemantmore.

a.Number of atoms in unit cell

In an fcc lattice, there are eight atoms at the eight corners of the cube and one at the centre of each face

∴ No. of atoms

= 8 corners x (1/8 atom)/(1 corner) + 6 faces x (½ atom/1 face)

= 1 atom + 3 atoms = 4 atoms

b.Volume of atoms

Let r be the radius of an atom. Then

Volume of 1 atom = (4/3)πr^3

Total volume of atoms = 4 atoms × [(4/3)πr^3]/(1 atom) = (16/3)πr^3

The length of the diagonal AB is

AB = 4r

Let a be the edge length of the cube.

AB^2 = AC^^2 + BC^2

(4r)^2 = a^2 + a^2

16r^2= 2a^2

a^2 = 8r^2

a = rx8^½

V = a^3 = (rx8^½)^3 = 8r^3x8^½

PE = Volume of atoms/Volume of cell = [(16/3)πr^3]/[ 8r^3x8^½]

= 2π/(3x8^½)

Fraction of empty space = 1 - PE = 1 - 2π/(3x8^½) = 1 – 0.740 480

= 0.259 52

the atomic number will stay the same no matter how many electrons it has, so it doesn’t decrease nor increase. it’ll only change with a different number of protons

the dependant variable is spilled water

the independent is the heat