Chemistry, 04.08.2019 11:30 smartcookie8251

The antacid industry is a multibillion-dollar per year enterprise. millions of people suffer from acid indigestion caused by the production of too much stomach acid. for relief, you must neutralize the acid with an seltzer. one of the byproducts of this reaction is carbon dioxide. use stoichiometry and the equation below to identify the relationship between the amount of seltzer and the volume of gas produced. c6h8o7 (citric acid) nahco3 (sodium bicarbonate) h2o(water) co2 (carbon dioxide) c6h5na3o7 (sodium citrate). objective  to measure the amount of carbon dioxide given off when seltzer tablets dissolve in water

Answers: 1

Show answers

Answers

Chemical reaction: NaHCO₃ + HCl → NaCl + H₂CO₃.
H₂CO₃ → H₂O + CO₂.
If amount of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) is 1 mol, then from from reaction we can calculate amount of carbon dioxide:
n(NaHCO₃) . n(CO₂) = 1 : 1.
n(CO₂) = 1 mol.
At standard pressure and temperature:
V(CO₂) = n(CO₂) · Vm
V(CO₂) = 1 mol · 22,4 L/mol.
V(CO₂) = 22,4 L.

Answer from: Quest

the atomic number will stay the same no matter how many electrons it has, so it doesn’t decrease nor increase. it’ll only change with a different number of protons

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.