Moseley's changes to the periodic table were based mainly on what part of the scientific process?

I believe that the correct answer would be:

“observation of the elements”

Moseley's changes about the periodic table were actually based mainly on observation of the elements. He worked on X-rays which involves the elements. He had arranged the periodic table according to the element's protons without regard to other properties.

what is the general relationship between a galaxy's distance from earth and its speed?

the answer is:

the farther away a galaxy is from us, the faster it is moving away from us.

i believe it is-

d.) gravity pulled particles of dust and gas together to form planets.