Which statement correctly describes the relationship between reactant and yield? a.  the actual yield is calculated from the amount of the excess reactant present b.  the actual yield is calculated from the amount of the limiting reactant present. c.  the theoretical yield is calculated from the amount of the excess reactant present. d.  the theoretical yield is calculated from the amount of the limiting reactant present.

The theoretical yield is calculated from the amount of the limiting reactant present.

Explanation:

The limiting reactant is one which is present in lesser amount than the other reactant (based on molar ratio requirement)

For example in formation of water we need one mole of hydrogen gas and half moles of oxygen gas. Now we have one mole of hydrogen gas and one mole of oxygen gas then the limiting reagent is hydrogen gas.

theoretical yield is the expected yield of a reaction calculated based on the moles or amount of limiting reagent present as the limiting reagent is going to be completely consumed during the reaction.

Answer : The correct option is, (D) The theoretical yield is calculated from the amount of the limiting reactant present.

Explanation :

Excess reagent : It is defined as the reactants not completely used up in the reaction.

Limiting reagent : It is defined as the reactants completely used up in the reaction.

Theoretical yield : It is calculated from the amount of the limiting reagent present in the reaction.

Actual yield : It is experimentally determined.

Hence, the correct option is, (D) The theoretical yield is calculated from the amount of the limiting reactant present.