Chemistry, 11.01.2022 14:40 klrm9792

When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, as shown in the diagram below. How many grams of carbon dioxide will be made in this reaction if 4 grams of calcium carbonate are used?

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Answer from: cabriantenpenny

Explanation:

Before we start with any calculation, we need to determine the stoichiometric relationship between the reactants consumed and the products formed. In other words, we need to establish a balanced chemical equation that describes the decomposition of calcium carbonate as shown below.

$\text{CaCO}_{3} \ \ \text{(s)} \ \overset{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \ \text{CaO} \ \text{(s)} \ + \ \text{CO}_{2} \ \text{(g)}$ ,

where the uppercase delta symbol, $\Delta$ , above the chemical reaction arrow denotes that heat is applied to make the reaction proceed in the direction of the arrow.

To calculate how many moles are there in 4 grams of calcium carbonate, we use the relation

$n \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{m}{M_{r}}$ ,

where is the number of moles, is the mass of the chemical substance and $M_{r}$ is the molar mass of the chemical substance. We first need to identify the molar mass of calcium carbonate,

$M_{r} \, [\text{CaCO}_{3}] \ = \ A_{r} \, [\text{Ca}] \ + \ A_{r} \, [\text{C}] \ + \ 3 \, \times \, A_{r} \, [\text{O}] \\ \\ M_{r} \, [\text{CaCO}_{3}] \ = \ 40.078 \ + \ 12.011 \ + \ 3 \, \times \, 15.999 \\ \\ M_{r} \, [\text{CaCO}_{3}] \ = \ 100.086 \ \text{g mol}^{-1}$

Hence,

$n \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{4 \ \text{g}}{100.086 \ \text{g mol}^{-1}} \\ \\ \\ n \ = \ 0.04 \ \text{mol}$ .

We know that, from the balanced chemical equation above, 1 mole of calcium carbonate following decomposition, will theoretically lead to the production of 1 mole of carbon dioxide. Then, if 0.04 moles of calcium carbonate is decomposed, then, 0.04 moles of carbon dioxide is produced.

To convert the number of moles into the mass of carbon dioxide produced, we need to rearrange the formula as follows.

$n \ = \ \displaystyle\frac{m}{M_{r}} \\ \\ \\m \ = \ n \ \times \ {M_{r}}$ .

Thus,

$M_{r} \, [\text{CO}_{2}] \ = \ A_{r} \, [\text{C}] \ + \ 2 \, \times \, A_{r} \, [\text{O}] \\ \\ M_{r} \, [\text{CO}_{2}] \ = \ (12.011 \ + \ 2 \, \times \, 15.999) \ \text{g mol}^{-1} \\ \\ M_{r} \, [\text{CO}_{2}] \ = \ 44.009 \ \text{g mol}^{-1}$

$\rule{12cm}{0.01cm}$

$m \ = \ 0.04 \ \text{mol} \ \times \ 44.009 \ \text{g mol}^{-1} \\ \\ m \ = \ 1.76 \ \text{g}$

Therefore, 4 grams of calcium carbonate yields 1.76 grams of carbon dioxide following decomposition.

Answer from: Quest

on passing the small ampere of electric current through the tube made of ar and hg of cfl generates uv rays which excites the fluorescent and thus emits the high radiation by consumption of just 5- 12 w in comparison to incandescent light which requires more power such as around 40 - 55 w to lighten.

moreover the life span of fluorescent or cfl is around 8000 h whereas the life span of incandescent is around 1200 h

hence, the building installed with incandescent lights bears more electricity bill.

Answer from: Quest

Answerd. may include all of these are many definitions of bases: the brønsted-lowry definition of acids and bases says that bases are proton acceptors.the arrhenius definition of acids and bases says that bases increase [oh⁻] in solution (thereby producing oh⁻ ions)the lewis definition of acids and bases says that bases donate electron pairs.therefore, the sensible answer is that a base may include all of the described characteristics.

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