Does anyone know why electron affinity increases as going upward in the periodic table

Electron affinity increases upward for the groups and from left to right across periods of a periodic table because the electrons added to energy levels become closer to the nucleus, thus a stronger attraction between the nucleus and its electrons.

the answer to your question is c

while cooking a piece of 1/2 pound beef steak, a cast iron pan (2.4kg in weight) was heated 260 celsius.