(06.01 MC) Part 1. A glass bottle, which is half-filled with water, has a balloon attached to its
opening. The bottle is placed in a hot water bath for some time. Explain the change
to the size of the balloon based on the kinetic molecular theory.
Part 2. What would most likely happen to the balloon if the bottle was then placed
into a jar of cold water with ice cubes? Explain your answer based on the kinetic
molecular theory
In both cases, assume the balloon is attached tightly enough so that air does not
escape the system. (10 points)

See explanation

Explanation:

According to the kinetic theory, a gas temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of the gas. Thus, when the balloon is attached to the opening of a glass bottle placed in a hot water bath for some time, the molecules of the gas inside the balloon acquire greater kinetic energy and move faster. Hence, the molecules spread out and the gas expands - its size increases.

When the bottle is placed into a jar of cold water with ice cubes, the molecules of the gas loose energy and begin to coalesce. As a result of this, the volume of the gas decreases and the balloon shrinks. This is a demonstration of Charles law.

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