Joseph has found that when he passes a high voltage current through an evacuated tube, he can make a phosphor coating on one end of the tube glow. One day he makes the that if a metal shape is put in the middle of the tube, it casts a shadow on the phosphor coating.

atomic number of carbon is 6

electronic configuration of carbon is 1s²2s²2p²

orbital diagram of carbon is as shown here in the image.

conduction is the transfer of thermal energy (heat in transfer) due to collisions between the molecules in the object. collisions between adjacent atoms and molecules transfer kinetic energy from the warmer to the cooler object. the objects must be in physical contact.

answer : a model is often used to explain and make things easier to understand when any scientific topic needs to be demonstrated and explained.

as in this case where a scientist wants to use a model to present the results of his detailed scientific investigation. he should do it as it will him to make the audience understand the concept in a much better way. also, it can be changed according to new scientific understandings.

the dissolution of polymer can be thermodynamically described in 2 steps.