I need help with this

Ageologist determines that a sample of a mineral can't be scratched by a steel nail but can be scratched by a masonry drill bit. based on this information, the sample mineral has to be softer than a. orthoclase. b. fluorite. c. apatite. d. corundum.

What do electromagnetic waves carry? how are they produced through which media can they move? where do they transfer energy? what do they not transfer? what do mechanical waves carry? how are they produced? through which media can they move? where do they transfer energy? what do they not transfer?

How many atomic mass units are equal to 1.672×10−24 g of protons?