Chemistry, 19.05.2021 19:10 shealwaysknows23

Calculate the concentration of H3O+ ions present in a solution of HCl that has a measured pH of 1.510 . M
HCl, the acid in Part 1, is a strong acid. The concentration of H3O+ ions in this solution is the same as the initial concentration of the acid.
A solution of the weak acid CH3COOH with the same initial concentration of acid will have a pH that is (Higer, lower, the same) the pH of the HCl solution.
Rank the following solutions in order of increasing acidity, placing the most acidic solution at the left. (CH3COOH is approximately 1.0% ionized at this concentration.)
pH= 0.00, pH= 7.45, [HCl]= .15M, [CH3COOH]= .15M
order of acidity
most acidic > least acidic

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Answer from: ohgeezy

Solution :

The relationship between pH and $[H_3O^+]$ is pH = $- \log [H_3O^+]$

The concentration of $[H_3O^+]$ is given as

pH = $- \log [H_3O^+]$

$[H_3O^+]=10^{-pH}$

$=10^{-1.510}$

$=3.09 \times 10^{-2}$

Therefore, the concentration of $[H_3O^+]$ is $=3.09 \times 10^{-2}$

The relationship between pH and $[H_3O^+]$ is pH = $- \log [H_3O^+]$

The concentration of $[H_3O^+]$ is given as

pH = $- \log [H_3O^+]$

$=- \log[0.15]$

= 0.82

Therefore, the pH of the solution is 0.82

Now updating the ICE table for 0.15 M $CH_3COOH$ is as follows :

$CH_3COOH \ \ \ + \ \ \ H_2O \ \ \rightleftharpoons \ \ CH_3COO^- \ \ + \ \ H_3O^+$

$I\ (M)$ 0.15 0 0

$C\ (M)$ -x +x +x

$E\ (M)$ 0.15 - x x x

∴ Acidionization constant,

$K_a=\frac{[CH_3COO^-][H_3O^+]}{[CH_3COOH]}$

$1.82 \times 10^{-5}=\frac{(x)(x)}{(0.15-x)}$

$1.82 \times 10^{-5}=\frac{x^2}{(0.15-x)}$

We can assume that : (0.15 - x) M = 0.15 M

$1.82 \times 10^{-5}=\frac{x^2}{0.15}$

$x^2=1.82 \times 10^{-5} \times 0.15$

$x^2=2.7 \times 10^{-6}$

$x=1.7 \times 10^{-3} \ M$

Therefore, from the equilibrium table, $[H_3O^+] =x=1.7 \times 10^{-3} \ M$

pH = $- \log [H_3O^+]$

$=- \log(1.7 \times 10^{-3} \ M)$

= 2.77

Hence the pH of 0.15 M $CH_3COOH$ is 2.77

Stronger acid always have a lower pH value.

The value of pH for the given solution are 0.0, 7.45, 0.82 and 2.77

So the increasing order of the acidity is :

pH = 0.0 > pH = 0.82 (0.15 M HCl) > pH = 2.77 (0.15 M $CH_3COOH$ ) > pH =7.45

Answer from: Quest

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.

Answer from: Quest

C. chemical changeshope i : )

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