A buffer solution is made up of acetic acid ( CH3COOH) and sodium acetate (NaCH3COO). The major equilibria in the buffer system are represented above. Which equilibria could be used to support the claim that the addition of a small amount of NaOH to the buffer will result in only a very small change in pH?

100 grams of molten lead (600°c) is used to make musket balls. if the lead shot is allowed to cool to room temperature (21°c), what is the change in entropy (in j/k) of the lead? (for the specific heat of molten and solid lead use 1.29 j/g⋅°c; the latent heat of fusion and the melting point of lead are 2.45 × 104 j/kg and 327°c, respectively.)