Alcohols are a key intermediate in organic synthesis since they can oxidized to carbonyl containing functional groups. In this tutorial, we will cover: what happens in an oxidation reaction oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes or carboxylic acids oxidation reagents and how we can control oxidation

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definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.