Polymerization is most directly responsible in determining which structure of a protein?

The answer is amino acids.  Polymerization is about the process of reacting monomer molecules together to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks through chemical reaction. This process is also a non spontaneous reaction due to the lower entropy of product molecules. So polymerization is most directly responsible in determining the amino acids.

for points guys

the positions which points up in upward carbon and down in downward carbon are axial

and vice versa holds true for equatorial positions

so the correct answer with labelled diagram will be