What must be true of the bonds for a reaction to be endothermic and what must be true for the reaction to be exothermic?

Iknow the answer to 13 is b and 14 is d. i just need to know why the correct answers are correct

Silver tarnishes as silver metal reacts with hydrogen sulfide, h2s, in the air. in this reaction, dark silver sulfide, au2s, covers the surface of silver. when silver is polished, this coating of silver sulfide can be removed from the surface. this makes the silver shiny again. enter the coefficients that balance the tarnishing reaction equation. (type 1 for no coefficient.)

Given the data below for the reaction, 2 a + 2 b + 4 c => d + e + 3 f, the reaction is fill in the [ ] order in a, fill in the [ ] order in b, fill in the [ ] order in c and fill in the [ ] order overall. (use the words "first, second, third, fourth" to fill each blank)experimentinitial conc of a, mol/l initial conc of b, mol/l initial conc of c, mol/l initial rate, mol/l.s1 0.1 0.1 0.2 2 x 10-32 0.2 0.3 0.2 6 x 10-33 0.3 0.1 0.2 2 x 10-34 0.4 0.3 0.4 1.2 x 10-2