how does adding a non-volatile solute to a pure solvent affect the freezing point of the pure solvent?

the solvent will have a lower freezing point.

the solvent will have a higher freezing point.

the solvent's freezing point will not be affected.

the solvent's freezing point will most likely change, but not in a predictable way.

the answer for sodium is 0.186

the answer for rubidium is 0.251

answer : a model is often used to explain and make things easier to understand when any scientific topic needs to be demonstrated and explained.

as in this case where a scientist wants to use a model to present the results of his detailed scientific investigation. he should do it as it will him to make the audience understand the concept in a much better way. also, it can be changed according to new scientific understandings.