Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called

Element

Explanation:

Element is a pure substance which is composed of atoms of similar elements.It can not be decomposed into simpler constituents using chemical reactions.Example: Gold

Compound is a pure substance which is made from atoms of different elements combined together in a fixed ratio by mass.It can be decomposed into simpler constituents using chemical reactions. Example: carbon dioxide

Thus as it given that substances cannot be broken down into simpler substances, thus they are called elements.

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.