How may a substance be tested to determine whether or not it is an element

Always remember that a compound can be separated into simpler substances by chemical methods/reactions. While elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. You can do a flame test and spectrum analysis to determine whether a solid material is an element or a compound. Check the boiling and/or melting point, color or density. Also check the solid material’s reaction with oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, or various acids. Examine and study its physical chemistry. The element(s) that may be present may be identified by checking the absorption edges from an x-ray spectrum.

they include patterns; cause and effect; scale, proportion, and quantity; systems and system models; energy and matter; structure and function; and stability and change.

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answer; 4 electrons;