How is energy transferred during the water cycle
a. water gains energy during evaporation and condensation
b. water gains energy in condensation and releases it in evaporation
c. water releases energy during evaporation and condensation
d. water gains energy during evaporation and releases it during condensation

Energy transfer during water cycle occurs as follows: 

Further Explanation:

Water cycle:

It is the method by which water is being transferred from its gaseous phase to liquid phase and is again converted back to its vapor stats. In order words, water cycle involves movement of water from water vapors to liquid water and then back to water vapors once again.

Steps involved in water cycle:

Step 1: Evaporation

When water is heated, it converts into vapors or evaporation is said to take place. Water from earth’s surface, oceans, rivers and seas is evaporated and form water vapors.

Step 2: Condensation

It is just the opposite of what is observed in evaporation or vaporization. It is procedure that results in conversion of water vapors to liquid water. This process helps in the formation of clouds in the atmosphere.

Step 3: Sublimation

It is direct conversion of solid into gas or vapors. When ice and snow get converted into water vapors without getting converted into liquid water, sublimation is said to take place.

Step 4: Precipitation

It is the process by which water released from cloudsin form of rain, hail, or snow. This process acts as mediator for water delivery from atmosphere to the surface of earth.

Step 5: Transpiration

The process by which water is absorbed by plants and is released in form of water vapors via leaves. It acts as one major source of water in the atmosphere.

Step 6: Runoff

It is the type of precipitation that can neither be evaporated nor be absorbed in the soil. It is important step of water cycle as it is responsible for supply of water to rivers, lakes and seas.

Step 7: Infiltration

This is the process in which infusion of water occurs into the surface of soil and travels deep inside rocks and crevices. Water that is collected from melting ice results in being infiltrated.

Evaporation of water results in conversion of liquid to gas water. Such a conversion requires supply of energy. This energy is released when water vapors get converted into liquid water again. Therefore water gains energy during evaporation and releases it during condensation. Hence option d is correct.

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Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Phase transition

Keywords: water cycle, evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration, energy, sublimation, transpiration.

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