Can someone explain the relationship between the group number, the number of valence electrons lost or gained, and the formula of the compound that results between ca and f?

if two electrons have the same n, the same ℓ, and the same ml, then they are in the same orbital. the pauli exclusion principle states that no two identical fermions (a fancy word for electrons and other subatomic particles like electrons) may occupy the same quantum state in an atom simultaneously.