Are absolute temperature and kelvin temperature scale the same thing

No they are not the same..

Explanation:

Absolute temperature is the temperature of an object on a scale where 0 is in the lowest possible energy state while the kelvin is a base unit of temperature.

answer is: c. the experiment shows that the red substance experienced a chemical change.

this is chemical change (chemical reaction), because two new substances are formed (metalig liquid and gas), the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is followed by an energy change.

this is example of chemical decomposition.

chemical decomposition (analysis) is the separation of a single chemical compound into its two or more elemental parts or to simpler compounds.  

chemical decomposition is opposite of chemical synthesis.