4. How Does Extreme conditions
accelerate erosion ?

Explanation:

Geologic erosion influences soil formation and distribution. Accelerated erosion results from the removal of natural vegetation by human activities such as farming, ranching, forestry, and construction. The production of agricultural and forest products can be affected by excessive erosion

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.