A sample of hydrogen gas has an initial temperature of 50° C. When the temperature is lowered to -5° C, the volume of hydrogen becomes 212 cm^3. What was the initial volume of the hydrogen in cm^3 when the pressure is kept constant?

255.51 cm³

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Initial temperature (T₁) = 50° C

Final temperature (T₂) = –5° C

Final volume (V₂) = 212 cm³

Initial volume (V₁) =?

Next, we shall convert celsius temperature to Kelvin. This can be obtained as follow:

T(K) = T(°C) + 273

Initial temperature (T₁) = 50° C

Initial temperature (T₁) = 50° C + 273

Initial temperature (T₁) = 323 K

Final temperature (T₂) = –5° C

Final temperature (T₂) = –5° C + 273

Final temperature (T₂) = 268 K

Finally, we shall determine the initial volume of the hydrogen gas. This can be obtained as follow:

Initial temperature (T₁) = 323 K

Final temperature (T₂) = 268 K

Final volume (V₂) = 212 cm³

Initial volume (V₁) =?

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

V₁ / 323 = 212 / 268

Cross multiply

V₁ × 268 = 323 × 212

V₁ × 268 = 68476

Divide both side by 268

V₁ = 68476 / 268

V₁= 255.51 cm³

Therefore, the initial volume of the hydrogen gas 255.51 cm³

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answer: - 3.) the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

solution: - as per the rules, oxidation number of oxygen in its compounds is -2. the sum of oxidation numbers of all the elements of a molecule or compound is zero.

also, the oxidation number in elemental form is zero.

in no, the oxidation number of o is -2 so the oxidation number of n is +2 so that the sum is zero.

similarly, the oxidation number of c in co is +2 and o is -2.

on product side the oxidation number of n is 0 as it is in the elemental form() .

oxidation number of c in carbon dioxide is +4 as there are two oxygen in it and we know that each oxygen is -2.

so, oxidation number of n is changing from +2 to 0 and the oxidation number of c is changing from +2 to +4.

since nitrogen is reduced and hence no is acting as an oxidizing agent. carbon is oxidized and so co is acting as a reducing agent.

so, the right choice is number 3.)the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.