Why does the spoon handle look broken where it enters the surface of the water?

The spoon appears to be broken because of refraction. Refraction happens when light travels from one medium to another and changes speed and bends. This also causes objects to look different sizes and shapes when they are submerged in water.

Explanation:

The magnification of the water makes it look bigger than it is when it comes out of the water.

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.