A rock sitting on the surface of the Earth is pushed down deep into the Earth over time and is exposed to tremendous heat and pressure over time. Although the rock does not melt, it does change into a new type of rock.

Because electrons have negligible mass, to account for the mass of the isotope, there must be 16 neutrons, 16 neutrally charged, massive, fundamental particles present in the sulfur nucleus. and thus finally, if we have the 32s2− ion, there are 18 electrons, 16 protons, and 16 neutrons.