Thermal energy is transferred from a hot object to a colder object by means of ___ a. heat
b. energy
c. work
d. temperature
e. none of the above

Heat is the transfer of energy

Explanation:

Heat refers to the energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one. Heat is transferred in three ways: radiation, conduction, and convection. Radiation is the direct transfer of energy. The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching is called conduction.

geosphere and hydrosphere.

this is because the geosphere has to do with geological events, while the hydrosphere controls all water on earth.