Explain how the chromatogram shows that all three samples have at least one substance in common.

The chromatogram shows that all three samples have at least one substance in common is described below in detailed explanation.

Explanation:

Chromatography is a process of distributing compounds by applying a changing solution on pure paper. A droplet of the compound solvent is recognized near one edge of the paper and then drained. The edge of the paper, closest to the point, is then drawn into the solution without submerging the place itself.

r just means there's a number of carbon in teh chain. for example rcooh means that after x number of carbon, the chain ends with cooh.

explanation:

1 a

2 d

3 a

4 c

explanation: