Chemistry, 20.02.2021 16:10 johnsonwhitney2

La combinarea unui metal cu un halogen se obține o :

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Answer from: Quest

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{1}$ and electronic configuration of phosphorous is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{3}$ .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

$3na + p \rightarrow na_{3}p$

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

Electrons are transferred from atoms of to atoms of this transfer makes the sodium atoms and the

Answer from: Quest

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.

Answer from: Quest

here are some of the ways in which chemical and nuclear reactions differ.

explanation:

$\begin{array}{ll}\qquad\textbf{chemical} & \qquad\textbf{nuclear} \\\text{energy changes $\approx 10^{2}$ kj} & \text{energy changes$\approx 10^{8}$ kj ($10^{6}$ times more}) \\\text{mass is conserved} & \text{mass changes to energy} \\\text{involves electrons} & \text{involves protons and neutrons} \\\text{atoms do not change} & \text{atoms transmute} \\\end{array}$

Answer from: Quest

The answer is c - the principal of original lateral continuity.

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