Water molecules are polar because the:

a) water molecule has a linear shape.
b) water molecule has a bent shape.
c) oxygen atom has fewer electrons around it.
d) hydrogen atom forms an ionic bond with oxygen.

B) water molecule has a bent shape.

Explanation: Water is a covalent compound formed by sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is more electronegative as compared to hydrogen and thus attracts the electron pairs towards itself and thus is polar.

Hybridization and shape of

where, V = number of valence electrons present in central atom i.e. oxygen = 6

N = number of monovalent atoms bonded to central atom=32

C = charge of cation = 0

A = charge of anion = 0

The number of electrons is 4 that means the hybridization will be and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

But as there are two atoms around the central oxygen, the third and fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be bent.

chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances. these processes are called chemical reactions and, in general, are not reversible except by further chemical reactions. some reactions produce heat and are called exothermic reactions and others may require heat to enable the reaction to occur, which are called endothermic reactions. understanding chemical changes is a major part of the science of chemistry.